Frank: Merrill’s Atlas of Radiographic Positioning and Procedures, 11th Edition 
Chapter 01: Preliminary Steps in Radiography
Test Bank
MULTIPLE CHOICE

	1.	The primary controlling factor of radiography contrast is:
a.	mA	
b.	time	
c.	kVp	
d.	SID	

ANS:	C	PTS:	1	DIF:	Level: Medium	
OBJ:	Category: General		TOP:	Exam: 1

	2.	The ability to visualize very small structures on a radiograph is termed:
a.	contrast	
b.	density	
c.	distortion	
d.	recorded detail	

ANS:	D	PTS:	1	DIF:	Level: Hard	
OBJ:	Category: General		TOP:	Exam: 2

	3.	Radiographs of the hands, wrist, feet, and toes are routinely displayed on the illuminator with the digits:
a.	positioned toward the ceiling	
b.	positioned toward the floor	
c.	horizontal and pointed to the left	
d.	horizontal and pointed to the right	

ANS:	A	PTS:	1	DIF:	Level: Medium	
OBJ:	Category: General		TOP:	Exam: 1

	4.	The total destruction of microorganisms is accomplished through the use of:
a.	disinfectants	
b.	sterilization	
c.	germicides	
d.	antiseptics	

ANS:	B	PTS:	1	DIF:	Level: Hard	
OBJ:	Category: General		TOP:	Exam: 1

	5.	Involuntary motion can be caused by which of the following?
1) peristalsis
2) spasm
3) breathing
a.	1 and 2	
b.	1 and 3	
c.	2 and 3	
d.	1, 2, and 3	

ANS:	A	PTS:	1	DIF:	Level: Medium	
OBJ:	Category: Positioning		TOP:	Exam: None

	6.	Voluntary motion resulting from lack of control can be caused by:
1) fear
2) age (child)
3) tremors
a.	1 and 2	
b.	1 and 3	
c.	2 and 3	
d.	1, 2, and 3	

ANS:	A	PTS:	1	DIF:	Level: Hard	
OBJ:	Category: Positioning		TOP:	Exam: 2

	7.	Radiographers can control voluntary motion by:
a.	using a high kVp	
b.	increasing the length of exposure time	
c.	performing the examination in the recumbent position	
d.	giving clear instruction to the patient	

ANS:	D	PTS:	1	DIF:	Level: Medium	
OBJ:	Category: Positioning		TOP:	Exam: 1

	8.	A decrease in technical factors may be required for a patient who has:
a.	edema	
b.	emphysema	
c.	atelectasis	
d.	advanced carcinoma	

ANS:	B	PTS:	1	DIF:	Level: Medium	
OBJ:	Category: Positioning		TOP:	Exam: 1

	9.	An increase in technical factors may be required to penetrate a part on a patient who has:
a.	atrophy	
b.	emphysema	
c.	pleural effusion	
d.	degenerative arthritis	

ANS:	C	PTS:	1	DIF:	Level: Hard	
OBJ:	Category: Positioning		TOP:	Exam: 2

	10.	All radiographs must be identified with which of the following?
1) radiographer’s name
2) patient’s name or ID number
3) right or left marker
a.	1 and 2	
b.	1 and 3	
c.	2 and 3	
d.	1, 2, and 3	

ANS:	C	PTS:	1	DIF:	Level: Medium	
OBJ:	Category: Positioning		TOP:	Exam: 1

	11.	The metric conversion of 40 inches is:
a.	16 cm	
b.	18 cm	
c.	90 cm	
d.	102 cm	

ANS:	D	PTS:	1	DIF:	Level: Medium	
OBJ:	Category: General		TOP:	Exam: None

	12.	The source of radiation in an x-ray tube (the anode) shall not be closer than:
a.	12 inches from the patient	
b.	15 inches from the patient	
c.	12 inches from the tabletop	
d.	15 inches from the tabletop	

ANS:	A	PTS:	1	DIF:	Level: Hard	
OBJ:	Category: General		TOP:	Exam: 2

	13.	Collimation of the x-ray beam prompts which of the following:
1) an increase in radiographic contrast
2) reduction of scatter and secondary radiation
3) reduction in radiation to the patient
a.	1 and 2	
b.	1 and 3	
c.	2 and 3	
d.	1, 2, and 3	

ANS:	D	PTS:	1	DIF:	Level: Medium	
OBJ:	Category: Positioning		TOP:	Exam: 1

	14.	Federal guidelines require gonad shielding for which of the following:
1) when the gonads lie in the primary beam
2) if the clinical objective of the exam is not compromised
3) when the patient has reasonable reproductive potential
a.	1 and 2	
b.	1 and 3	
c.	2 and 3	
d.	1, 2, and 3	

ANS:	D	PTS:	1	DIF:	Level: Medium	
OBJ:	Category: Positioning		TOP:	Exam: 1

	15.	Which of the following devices are considered IRs?
1) television monitor
2) Computed radiography image plate
3) cassette with film
a.	1 and 2	
b.	1 and 3	
c.	2 and 3	
d.	1, 2, and 3	

ANS:	C	PTS:	1	DIF:	Level: Medium	
OBJ:	Category: General		TOP:	Exam: 3

	16.	Recorded detail is primarily controlled by:
1) mA
2) screens
3) focal spot size
a.	1 and 2	
b.	1 and 3	
c.	2 and 3	
d.	1, 2, and 3	

ANS:	C	PTS:	1	DIF:	Level: Hard	
OBJ:	Category: General		TOP:	Exam: 3

	17.	If a bone is projected longer or shorter than it actually is on the radiographic image, it is known as:
a.	angulation	
b.	distortion	
c.	geometry	
d.	anatomic position	

ANS:	B	PTS:	1	DIF:	Level: Hard	
OBJ:	Category: General		TOP:	Exam: 3

	18.	Which of the following must be cleaned after every patient?
a.	collimator	
b.	tabletop	
c.	gonad shields	
d.	x-ray tube	

ANS:	B	PTS:	1	DIF:	Level: Medium	
OBJ:	Category: General		TOP:	Exam: 3

	19.	Which of the following is true when using computed radiography?
1) the IR could be opened for a few minutes without causing the stored image to be destroyed
2) collimation of the x-ray beam is not critical
3) final contrast and density adjustments of the radiographic image are done using a computer
a.	1 and 2	
b.	1 and 3	
c.	2 and 3	
d.	1, 2, and 3	

ANS:	B	PTS:	1	DIF:	Level: Hard	
OBJ:	Category: General		TOP:	Exam: 3

	20.	The phosphors in computed radiography IRs are very sensitive to:
a.	kVp	
b.	dust	
c.	collimation	
d.	scatter radiation	

ANS:	D	PTS:	1	DIF:	Level: Medium	
OBJ:	Category: General		TOP:	Exam: 3

	21.	Radiographers who are educated as "radiologist extenders" are known as:
1) physician assistants (PAs)
2) radiologist assistants (RAs)
3) radiology practitioner assistants (RPAs)
a.	1 and 2	
b.	2 and 3	
c.	2 and 3	
d.	1, 2, and 3	

ANS:	C	PTS:	1	DIF:	Level: Medium	
OBJ:	Category: General		TOP:	Exam: 2

	22.	Blood and body fluid recommendations are issued by the:
a.	CDC	
b.	ASRT	
c.	ARRT	
d.	JCAHO	

ANS:	A	PTS:	1	DIF:	Level: Medium	
OBJ:	Category: General		TOP:	Exam: 1

	23.	Each radiology department must write age-specific competencies to meet the standards of the:
a.	CDC	
b.	ASRT	
c.	ARRT	
d.	JCAHO	

ANS:	D	PTS:	1	DIF:	Level: Hard	
OBJ:	Category: General		TOP:	Exam: 2

	24.	Gonad shielding is required when the gonads lie within ____ cm of the primary x-ray field.
a.	3 	
b.	5	
c.	6	
d.	8	

ANS:	B	PTS:	1	DIF:	Level: Medium	
OBJ:	Category: General		TOP:	Exam: 1

	25.	Which of the following radiographic examinations would give a male patient the highest gonad dose?
a.	limb	
b.	skull	
c.	pelvis	
d.	lumbar spine	

ANS:	C	PTS:	1	DIF:	Level: Hard	
OBJ:	Category: General		TOP:	Exam: 1

	26.	Which of the following radiographic examinations would give a female patient the highest gonad dose?
a.	limb	
b.	skull	
c.	pelvis	
d.	lumbar spine	

ANS:	D	PTS:	1	DIF:	Level: Hard	
OBJ:	Category: General		TOP:	Exam: 1