Chapter 1. Basic Word Structure

MULTIPLE CHOICE

	1.	A combining form is the:
a.	word ending	
b.	root plus combining vowel	
c.	prefix	
d.	prefix plus combining vowel	
e.	root plus suffix	

ANS:	B	PTS:	1

	2.	The combining form meaning “joint” is:
a.	aden/o	
b.	-itis	
c.	-algia	
d.	arthr/o	
e.	oste/o	

ANS:	D	PTS:	1

	3.	A suffix meaning “inflammation” is:
a.	-itis	
b.	-osis	
c.	-ac	
d.	-al	
e.	-tomy	

ANS:	A	PTS:	1

	4.	A word part meaning “below”,“less than normal,” or “under” is:
a.	re-	
b.	hyper-	
c.	trans-	
d.	-emia	
e.	hypo-	

ANS:	E	PTS:	1

	5.	A suffix meaning “study of” is:
a.	-pathy	
b.	-logy	
c.	-gram	
d.	-scopy	
e.	-osis	

ANS:	B	PTS:	1

	6.	A tumor of a gland is called:
a.	arthrosis	
b.	arthroscope	
c.	adenoma	
d.	nephroma	
e.	hepatitis	

ANS:	C	PTS:	1

	7.	Visual examination of the urinary bladder is called:
a.	cystoscopy	
b.	cytology	
c.	cystogram	
d.	nephroscopy	
e.	cystoscope	

ANS:	A	PTS:	1

	8.	Prediction about the outcome of an illness or treatment is called:
a.	prognosis	
b.	psychosis	
c.	diagnosis	
d.	biopsy	
e.	pathology	

ANS:	A	PTS:	1

	9.	(Condition of) nerve pain is called:
a.	neural	
b.	arthralgia	
c.	cephalgia	
d.	neueralgia	
e.	neuralgia	

ANS:	E	PTS:	1

	10.	Ren/o and nephr/o both mean:
a.	heart	
b.	liver	
c.	blood	
d.	kidney	
e.	intestine	

ANS:	D	PTS:	1

	11.	Which term relates to the brain?
a.	anemia	
b.	cerebral	
c.	rhinitis	
d.	thrombosis	
e.	gastrotomy	

ANS:	B	PTS:	1

	12.	A cancerous tumor is a(n):
a.	hematoma	
b.	adenoma	
c.	oncology	
d.	gastralgia	
e.	carcinoma	

ANS:	E	PTS:	1

	13.	A red blood cell is a(n):
a.	platelet	
b.	thrombocyte	
c.	erythrocyte	
d.	leukocyte	
e.	resection	

ANS:	C	PTS:	1

	14.	Abnormal condition of clot formation:
a.	gastritis	
b.	osteitis	
c.	adenosis	
d.	dermatitis	
e.	thrombosis	

ANS:	E	PTS:	1

	15.	An instrument to visually examine the urinary bladder is called a(n):
a.	cystoscopy	
b.	cystoscope	
c.	gastroscope	
d.	arthroscopy	
e.	excision	

ANS:	B	PTS:	1

	16.	An excessive (more than normal) amount of sugar in the blood is called:
a.	hypothyroidism	
b.	hyperthyroidism	
c.	hyperglycemia	
d.	hypoglycemia	
e.	hypodermic	

ANS:	C	PTS:	1

	17.	A gastrectomy is a(n):
a.	gastric excision	
b.	gastroscopy	
c.	visual examination of the abdomen	
d.	incision of the stomach	
e.	incision of a gland	

ANS:	A	PTS:	1

	18.	Glands that secrete hormones are _____ glands.
a.	enteral	
b.	endocrine	
c.	exocrine	
d.	adenoma	
e.	neural	

ANS:	B	PTS:	1

	19.	Increase in cancerous white blood cells in blood and bone marrow:
a.	leukemia	
b.	anemia	
c.	adenosis	
d.	leukocytosis	
e.	osteoma	

ANS:	A	PTS:	1

	20.	A large incision across the abdomen is called:
a.	laparoscopy	
b.	rhinotomy	
c.	laparotomy	
d.	gastrotomy	
e.	gastroscopy	

ANS:	C	PTS:	1

	21.	A malignant (cancerous) tumor of flesh (connective) tissue is:
a.	carcinoma	
b.	sarcoma	
c.	neuroma	
d.	hepatoma	
e.	nephroma	

ANS:	B	PTS:	1

	22.	A doctor who performs autopsies and examines biopsy samples is a(n):
a.	oncologist	
b.	gynecologist	
c.	hematologist	
d.	endocrinologist	
e.	pathologist	

ANS:	E	PTS:	1

	23.	A record of the electricity in the brain is a(n):
a.	arthrogram	
b.	electrocardiogram	
c.	resection	
d.	electroencephalogram	
e.	nephrectomy	

ANS:	D	PTS:	1

	24.	Inflammation of the small intestine is called:
a.	osteitis	
b.	hepatitis	
c.	rhinitis	
d.	adenitis	
e.	enteritis	

ANS:	E	PTS:	1

	25.	Protein found in red blood cells is:
a.	sarcoma	
b.	hemoglobin	
c.	hematoma	
d.	erythrocyte	
e.	hepatoma	

ANS:	B	PTS:	1

	26.	The combining form cyt/o means:
a.	urinary bladder	
b.	platelet	
c.	gland	
d.	cell	
e.	red	

ANS:	D	PTS:	1

	27.	The combining form rhin/o means:
a.	nose	
b.	knowledge	
c.	cell	
d.	tumor	
e.	flesh	

ANS:	A	PTS:	1

	28.	The combining form hemat/o means:
a.	liver	
b.	white	
c.	blood	
d.	kidney	
e.	red	

ANS:	C	PTS:	1

	29.	The combining form glyc/o means:
a.	knowledge	
b.	sugar	
c.	woman	
d.	stomach	
e.	white	

ANS:	B	PTS:	1

	30.	The combining form aden/o means:
a.	joint	
b.	head	
c.	cerebrum	
d.	intestines	
e.	gland	

ANS:	E	PTS:	1

	31.	The combining form oste/o means:
a.	bone	
b.	brain	
c.	joint	
d.	electricity	
e.	stomach	

ANS:	A	PTS:	1

	32.	The combining form arthr/o means:
a.	cancerous	
b.	head	
c.	joint	
d.	intestines	
e.	blood	

ANS:	C	PTS:	1

	33.	The combining form thromb/o means:
a.	cell	
b.	clotting	
c.	flesh	
d.	mind	
e.	disease	

ANS:	B	PTS:	1

	34.	The combining form lapar/o means:
a.	intestines	
b.	stomach	
c.	abdomen	
d.	kidney	
e.	liver	

ANS:	C	PTS:	1

	35.	The combining form cephal/o means:
a.	joint	
b.	head	
c.	life	
d.	cell	
e.	knowledge	

ANS:	B	PTS:	1

	36.	The combining form nephr/o means:
a.	heart	
b.	gland	
c.	stomach	
d.	kidney	
e.	urinary bladder	

ANS:	D	PTS:	1

	37.	The combining form for “urinary bladder” is:
a.	cyt/o	
b.	cyst/o	
c.	cerebr/o	
d.	cephal/o	
e.	nephr/o	

ANS:	B	PTS:	1

	38.	The combining form for “nerve” is:
a.	encephal/o	
b.	electr/o	
c.	erythr/o	
d.	neur/o	
e.	nephr/o	

ANS:	D	PTS:	1

	39.	The combining form for “liver” is:
a.	hem/o	
b.	hemat/o	
c.	cyst/o	
d.	enter/o	
e.	hepat/o	

ANS:	E	PTS:	1

	40.	The combining form for “eye” is:
a.	cephal/o	
b.	cerebr/o	
c.	ophthalm/o	
d.	path/o	
e.	psych/o	

ANS:	C	PTS:	1

	41.	The combining form for “woman” or “female” is:
a.	gynec/o	
b.	oste/o	
c.	sarc/o	
d.	ren/o	
e.	thromb/o	

ANS:	A	PTS:	1

	42.	The combining form for “white” is:
a.	erythr/o	
b.	gnos/o	
c.	cyt/o	
d.	leuk/o	
e.	onc/o	

ANS:	D	PTS:	1

	43.	The combining form for “red” is:
a.	erythr/o	
b.	leuk/o	
c.	cyt/o	
d.	onc/o	
e.	gnos/o	

ANS:	A	PTS:	1

	44.	The combining form for “disease” is:
a.	sarc/o	
b.	thromb/o	
c.	electr/o	
d.	gnos/o	
e.	path/o	

ANS:	E	PTS:	1

	45.	The combining form for “stomach” is:
a.	enter/o	
b.	lapar/o	
c.	gastr/o	
d.	gynec/o	
e.	ren/o	

ANS:	C	PTS:	1

	46.	The combining form for “intestines (often the small intestine)” is:
a.	enter/o	
b.	lapar/o	
c.	gastr/o	
d.	cyst/o	
e.	encephal/o	

ANS:	A	PTS:	1

	47.	The combining form for “heart” is:
a.	aden/o	
b.	cephal/o	
c.	thromb/o	
d.	cardi/o	
e.	electr/o	

ANS:	D	PTS:	1

	48.	The combining form for “mind” is:
a.	path/o	
b.	onc/o	
c.	psych/o	
d.	sarc/o	
e.	cephal/o	

ANS:	C	PTS:	1

	49.	The suffix -ectomy means:
a.	cutting out, removal, excision	
b.	inflammation	
c.	protein	
d.	condition	
e.	pertaining to	

ANS:	A	PTS:	1

	50.	The suffix -oma means:
a.	study of	
b.	abnormal condition	
c.	pain	
d.	blood condition	
e.	tumor, mass	

ANS:	E	PTS:	1

	51.	The suffix -logy means:
a.	pertaining to	
b.	condition	
c.	to view	
d.	study of	
e.	state of	

ANS:	D	PTS:	1

	52.	The suffix -emia means:
a.	state of	
b.	process of visual examination	
c.	incision	
d.	abnormal condition	
e.	blood condition	

ANS:	E	PTS:	1

	53.	The suffix -tomy means:
a.	process of visual examination	
b.	process of cutting into; incision	
c.	instrument to visually examine	
d.	abnormal condition	
e.	cell	

ANS:	B	PTS:	1

	54.	The suffix -globin means:
a.	protein	
b.	cell	
c.	pain	
d.	tumor	
e.	record	

ANS:	A	PTS:	1

	55.	The suffix -algia means:
a.	record	
b.	condition of pain	
c.	tumor	
d.	cell	
e.	condition	

ANS:	B	PTS:	1

	56.	The suffix -itis means:
a.	record	
b.	pertaining to	
c.	inflammation	
d.	study of	
e.	to view	

ANS:	C	PTS:	1

	57.	The suffix -osis means:
a.	to view	
b.	abnormal condition	
c.	pain	
d.	record	
e.	cell	

ANS:	B	PTS:	1

	58.	The suffix -scopy means:
a.	instrument to visually examine	
b.	process of cutting into	
c.	state of	
d.	process of visual examination	
e.	abnormal condition	

ANS:	D	PTS:	1

	59.	The suffix -scope means:
a.	process of visual examination	
b.	abnormal condition	
c.	blood condition	
d.	inflammation	
e.	instrument to visually examine	

ANS:	E	PTS:	1

	60.	The prefix hyper- means:
a.	excessive, more than normal	
b.	below, less than normal	
c.	within	
d.	outside	
e.	behind	

ANS:	A	PTS:	1

	61.	The prefix sub- means:
a.	above	
b.	before	
c.	across, through	
d.	below, under	
e.	within	

ANS:	D	PTS:	1

	62.	The prefix trans- means:
a.	within	
b.	under, below	
c.	behind	
d.	before	
e.	across, through	

ANS:	E	PTS:	1

	63.	The prefix endo- means:
a.	outside	
b.	complete, through	
c.	within	
d.	no, not	
e.	bad, painful	

ANS:	C	PTS:	1

	64.	The prefix pro- means:
a.	back	
b.	before, forward	
c.	below, under	
d.	across, through	
e.	outside	

ANS:	B	PTS:	1

	65.	The prefix hypo- means:
a.	excessive, more than normal	
b.	behind	
c.	below, less than normal	
d.	before	
e.	within	

ANS:	C	PTS:	1

	66.	The combining form aden/o means:
a.	life	
b.	gland	
c.	heart	
d.	joint	
e.	cancerous	

ANS:	B	PTS:	1

	67.	The combining form arthr/o means:
a.	life	
b.	gland	
c.	heart	
d.	joint	
e.	cancerous	

ANS:	D	PTS:	1

	68.	The combining form bi/o means:
a.	life	
b.	gland	
c.	heart	
d.	joint	
e.	cancerous	

ANS:	A	PTS:	1

	69.	The combining form carcin/o means:
a.	life	
b.	gland	
c.	heart	
d.	joint	
e.	cancerous	

ANS:	E	PTS:	1

	70.	The combining form cardi/o means:
a.	life	
b.	gland	
c.	heart	
d.	joint	
e.	cancerous	

ANS:	C	PTS:	1

	71.	The combining form cephal/o means:
a.	cell	
b.	urinary bladder	
c.	head	
d.	skin	
e.	brain (largest part)	

ANS:	C	PTS:	1

	72.	The combining form cerebr/o means:
a.	cell	
b.	urinary bladder	
c.	head	
d.	skin	
e.	brain (largest part)	

ANS:	E	PTS:	1

	73.	The combining form cyst/o means:
a.	cell	
b.	urinary bladder	
c.	head	
d.	skin	
e.	brain (largest part)	

ANS:	B	PTS:	1

	74.	The combining form cyt/o means:
a.	cell	
b.	urinary bladder	
c.	head	
d.	skin	
e.	brain (largest part)	

ANS:	A	PTS:	1

	75.	The combining form dermat/o means:
a.	cell	
b.	urinary bladder	
c.	head	
d.	skin	
e.	brain (largest part)	

ANS:	D	PTS:	1

	76.	The combining form electr/o means:
a.	brain	
b.	intestine (usually small intestine)	
c.	electricity	
d.	stomach	
e.	red	

ANS:	C	PTS:	1

	77.	The combining form encephal/o means:
a.	brain	
b.	intestine (usually small intestine)	
c.	electricity	
d.	stomach	
e.	red	

ANS:	A	PTS:	1

	78.	The combining form enter/o means:
a.	brain	
b.	intestine (usually small intestine)	
c.	electricity	
d.	stomach	
e.	red	

ANS:	B	PTS:	1

	79.	The combining form erythr/o means:
a.	brain	
b.	intestine (usually small intestine)	
c.	electricity	
d.	stomach	
e.	red	

ANS:	E	PTS:	1

	80.	The combining form gastr/o means:
a.	brain	
b.	intestine (usually small intestine)	
c.	electricity	
d.	stomach	
e.	red	

ANS:	D	PTS:	1

	81.	The combining form gnos/o means:
a.	woman, female	
b.	blood	
c.	knowledge	
d.	abdomen	
e.	liver	

ANS:	C	PTS:	1

	82.	The combining form gynec/o means:
a.	woman, female	
b.	blood	
c.	knowledge	
d.	abdomen	
e.	liver	

ANS:	A	PTS:	1

	83.	The combining form hemat/o means:
a.	woman, female	
b.	blood	
c.	knowledge	
d.	abdomen	
e.	liver	

ANS:	B	PTS:	1

	84.	The combining form hepat/o means:
a.	woman, female	
b.	blood	
c.	knowledge	
d.	abdomen	
e.	liver	

ANS:	E	PTS:	1

	85.	The combining form lapar/o means:
a.	woman, female	
b.	blood	
c.	knowledge	
d.	abdomen	
e.	liver	

ANS:	D	PTS:	1

MATCHING

Select the correct definition for each of the combining forms.
a.	tumor	
b.	white	
c.	kidney	
d.	clot	
e.	mind	
f.	flesh	
g.	bone	
h.	nose	
i.	eye	
j.	disease	
k.	nerve	

	1.	leuk/o

	2.	nephr/o, ren/o

	3.	neur/o

	4.	onc/o

	5.	ophthalm/o

	6.	oste/o

	7.	path/o

	8.	psych/o

	9.	rhin/o

	10.	sarc/o

	11.	thromb/o

	1.	ANS:	B	PTS:	1

	2.	ANS:	C	PTS:	1

	3.	ANS:	K	PTS:	1

	4.	ANS:	A	PTS:	1

	5.	ANS:	I	PTS:	1

	6.	ANS:	G	PTS:	1

	7.	ANS:	J	PTS:	1

	8.	ANS:	E	PTS:	1

	9.	ANS:	H	PTS:	1

	10.	ANS:	F	PTS:	1

	11.	ANS:	D	PTS:	1

Select the correct definition for each of the suffixes.
a.	pertaining to	
b.	cell	
c.	process of cutting into; incision	
d.	cutting out; removal; excision	
e.	condition of pain	
f.	study of	
g.	specialist in the study of	
h.	blood condition	
i.	process of visual examination	
j.	condition; process	
k.	record	
l.	instrument to visually examine	
m.	state of	
n.	tumor; mass	
o.	inflammation	
p.	abnormal condition	

	12.	-al

	13.	-algia

	14.	-cyte

	15.	-ectomy

	16.	-emia

	17.	-gram

	18.	-ism

	19.	-itis

	20.	-logist

	21.	-logy

	22.	-oma

	23.	-osis

	24.	-scope

	25.	-scopy

	26.	-sis

	27.	-tomy

	12.	ANS:	A	PTS:	1

	13.	ANS:	E	PTS:	1

	14.	ANS:	B	PTS:	1

	15.	ANS:	D	PTS:	1

	16.	ANS:	H	PTS:	1

	17.	ANS:	K	PTS:	1

	18.	ANS:	J	PTS:	1

	19.	ANS:	O	PTS:	1

	20.	ANS:	G	PTS:	1

	21.	ANS:	F	PTS:	1

	22.	ANS:	N	PTS:	1

	23.	ANS:	P	PTS:	1

	24.	ANS:	L	PTS:	1

	25.	ANS:	I	PTS:	1

	26.	ANS:	M	PTS:	1

	27.	ANS:	C	PTS:	1

Select the correct definition for each of the prefixes.
a.	across, through	
b.	no, not	
c.	excessive, more than normal, too much	
d.	before, forward	
e.	complete, through	
f.	within	
g.	behind	
h.	outside	
i.	below, less than normal	
j.	back	

	28.	a-, an-

	29.	dia-

	30.	endo-

	31.	exo-

	32.	hyper-

	33.	hypo-

	34.	pro-

	35.	re-

	36.	retro-

	37.	trans-

	28.	ANS:	B	PTS:	1

	29.	ANS:	E	PTS:	1

	30.	ANS:	F	PTS:	1

	31.	ANS:	H	PTS:	1

	32.	ANS:	C	PTS:	1

	33.	ANS:	I	PTS:	1

	34.	ANS:	D	PTS:	1

	35.	ANS:	J	PTS:	1

	36.	ANS:	G	PTS:	1

	37.	ANS:	A	PTS:	1

Select the correct definition for each of the combining forms.
a.	nose	
b.	abdomen	
c.	eye	
d.	joint	
e.	brain	
f.	disease	
g.	gland	
h.	tumor(cancerous)	
i.	head	
j.	stomach	

	38.	ophthalm/o

	39.	gastr/o

	40.	onc/o

	41.	cephal/o

	42.	rhin/o

	43.	aden/o

	44.	lapar/o

	45.	arthr/o

	46.	path/o

	47.	encephal/o

	38.	ANS:	C	PTS:	1

	39.	ANS:	J	PTS:	1

	40.	ANS:	H	PTS:	1

	41.	ANS:	I	PTS:	1

	42.	ANS:	A	PTS:	1

	43.	ANS:	G	PTS:	1

	44.	ANS:	B	PTS:	1

	45.	ANS:	D	PTS:	1

	46.	ANS:	F	PTS:	1

	47.	ANS:	E	PTS:	1