Chapter 01: General Mathematics
Brown & Mulholland: Drug Calculations: Ratio and Proportion Problems for Clinical Practice, 10th Edition

ESSAY

Directions: Solve the following problems.

	1.	Add and reduce to lowest terms: 

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	2.	Add: 

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	3.	Multiply and reduce to lowest terms: 

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	4.	Multiply and reduce to lowest terms: 

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	5.	Divide and reduce to lowest terms: 

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	6.	Divide and reduce to lowest terms: 

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	7.	Which is greater, ?

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	8.	Which is smaller, ?

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	9.	Change to a decimal: 

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	10.	Change to a fraction: 

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	11.	Which is smaller, ?

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	12.	Which is greater, ?

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	13.	Round to the nearest tenth: 

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	14.	Round to the nearest hundredth: 

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	15.	Round to the nearest whole number: 

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	16.	Round to the nearest ten thousandth: 

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	17.	Divide .

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	18.	Multiply .

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	19.	Find .

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	20.	Find .

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	21.	Write  as a percentage and as a decimal.

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	22.	Write  as a fraction and as a percentage.

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	23.	Write  as a fraction and as a decimal.

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	24.	Change  to an improper fraction.

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	25.	Change  to a whole or mixed number.

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	26.	Which is larger, tens or tenths?

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Tens

	27.	Write three hundred seventy seven thousandths as a decimal.

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	28.	Make  strength solution. How many mL of the solute will be needed?

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	29.	You need to make a  Betadine solution for a total of . How much Betadine will you need?

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	30.	You need to make a  solution of hydrogen peroxide for a total of . You are using normal saline (NS) as the solvent. How many mL of hydrogen peroxide will you need?

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Directions:
CALCULATING SOLUTIONS
Health care professionals need to know how to prepare solutions from stock solutions. A solution consists of a solute (concentrate) plus a solvent (liquid). A solute can be either liquid or a powder, and a solvent can be either water or NS. The resulting reconstituted solution will be a weaker strength than the original. The strength of the solution is represented by a ratio of solute to solvent. Many times health care workers have to prepare solutions for irrigations, tube feedings, infant formulas, or perhaps cleaning solutions. This worksheet will give the student practice making up different types and strengths of solutions.

Prepare a  of a  strength solution of hydrogen peroxide (solute) using NS (solvent). This means one part hydrogen peroxide (solute) to three parts of NS (solvent).

EXAMPLE:

 of NS added to the  of hydrogen peroxide yields  of a  strength hydrogen peroxide solution for irrigation.

	31.	Prepare a  Betadine solution for traction pin care. Cleanse area twice daily with  of a  Betadine solution with NS.
a. How many mL of total solution will you prepare?
b. How many mL of Betadine will be needed?
c. How many mL of NS will you add?

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a. 

b. 

c. 

	32.	Prepare  of a  strength solution of bleach for cleaning.
a. How many mL of bleach will be needed?
b. How many mL of water will be needed?

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a. 

b. 

	33.	Make a  strength solution of hydrogen peroxide. Irrigate the wound with  of solution 4 times a day.
a. How many total mL will be needed?
b. How many mL of hydrogen peroxide will be needed?
c. How many mL of sterile NS will be needed?

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a. 

b. 

c. 

	34.	Make 4 cups of a  vinegar solution for household cleaning.
a. How many total mL will you prepare?
b. How many mL of vinegar will be needed?
c. How many mL of water will be needed?

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a.

b. 

c. 

	35.	Make a  strength baking soda solution to clean your stainless steel sink. The directions read:  of a  solution will clean five stainless steel appliances.
a. How many mL of baking soda will you need?
b. How many mL of water will you need?

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a. 

b. 

	36.	Make a  strength drink of Ensure from a 12 oz. can.
a. How many mL are in 12 oz?
b. How many mL of Ensure will be needed?
c. How many mL of water will be needed?

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a. 

b. 

c. 

	37.	Make a  strength drink of Sustacal from a 10 oz can.
a. How many mL are in 10 oz?
b. How many mL of Sustacal will be needed?
c. How many mL of water will be needed?

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a. 

b.

c. 

	38.	Make a  strength drink of  of Isomil.
a. How many mL of Isomil will be needed?
b. How many mL of water will be added?

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a. 

b. 

	39.	Make a  strength drink from a 12 oz. can of Ensure.
a. How many total mL of Ensure is 12 oz?
b. How many mL of Ensure will be needed?
c. How many mL of water will be added?

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a. 

b. 

c. 

	40.	Prepare 400 mL of a  strength drink of Sustacal for each nasogastric feeding 3 times daily.
a. How many total mL will be needed?
b. How many total mL of Sustacal will be needed for the 3 feedings?
c. How many mL of water will be needed?

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a. 

b. 

c. 

Directions: Change the following fractions to ratios in lowest terms.

	41.	

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	42.	

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	45.	

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Directions: Change the following ratios to fractions and reduce to the lowest terms.

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Directions: Change the following percentages to fractions and reduce to the lowest terms.

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	55.	

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Directions: Change the following percentages to ratios and reduce to lowest terms.

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	60.	

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Directions: Change the following ratios to lowest term fractions and cross multiply.

	61.	

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	65.	

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