Chapter 01: Healthcare in the United States
Gerdin: Health Careers Today, 7th Edition

MULTIPLE CHOICE

	1.	Who was Florence Nightingale?
a.	The first patient to receive successful heart bypass surgery	
b.	A doctor who developed the idea of preventative care	
c.	The founder of nursing as we know it	
d.	A pharmacist who created the first modern health insurance	

ANS:	C	
OBJ:	1. Discuss the history of medicine and the evolution of healthcare in the United States.
TOP:	Health in the United States

	2.	Who was Hippocrates and what is he known for?
a.	The first person to regulate and monitor medicines, considered the father of pharmacy	
b.	The father of modern medicine and namesake of the oath of medical practice	
c.	A Greek philosopher who studied mental health and named many illnesses we know today	
d.	An Egyptian man who is the first known brain surgery patient	

ANS:	B	
OBJ:	1. Discuss the history of medicine and the evolution of healthcare in the United States.
TOP:	Health in the United States

	3.	In American history, which public location was a place where healthcare services were performed, including surgery?
a.	Laundromats	
b.	Bars	
c.	Pharmacies	
d.	Barber shops	

ANS:	D	
OBJ:	1. Discuss the history of medicine and the evolution of healthcare in the United States.
TOP:	Health in the United States

	4.	What is the basic idea of the medical model?
a.	Disease or illness requires treatment.	
b.	Treatment is a service that costs money.	
c.	Primary care providers are the gatekeepers to all healthcare services.	
d.	The focus of care is on illness prevention not treatment.	

ANS:	A	
OBJ:	3. Describe the differences between the medical model and wellness model.
TOP:	Health in the United States

	5.	Which healthcare model focuses on the prevention of disease and the maintenance of a person’s overall welfare?
a.	Gatekeeper model	
b.	Mental health model	
c.	Wellness model	
d.	Medical model	

ANS:	C	
OBJ:	3. Describe the differences between the medical model and wellness model.
TOP:	Health in the United States

	6.	Which term refers to death or the risk of death?
a.	Morbidity	
b.	Mortality	
c.	Epidemiology	
d.	Endemic	

ANS:	B	OBJ:	2. Define health and components of the healthcare system and industry.
TOP:	Health in the United States

	7.	What is the term for the baseline level of a particular disease?
a.	Epidemic	
b.	Endemic	
c.	Pandemic	
d.	Pseudemic	

ANS:	B	
OBJ:	4. Describe the different factors that have contributed to the rising cost of health care and demand for healthcare reform.	TOP:	Understanding Public Health

	8.	A pandemic is a(n) ________________ that spreads over a wide geographical area, affecting a large part of the global population.
a.	endemic	
b.	epidemic	
c.	mortality cause	
d.	morbidity cause	

ANS:	B	
OBJ:	4. Describe the different factors that have contributed to the rising cost of health care and demand for healthcare reform.	TOP:	Understanding Public Health

	9.	In the last 30 years, the morbidity and mortality rates of the leading causes of diseases has declined by almost
a.	10%.	
b.	25%.	
c.	50%.	
d.	90%.	

ANS:	C	
OBJ:	4. Describe the different factors that have contributed to the rising cost of health care and demand for healthcare reform.	TOP:	Understanding Public Health

	10.	Which federal agency regulates health concerns that requires employers to provide working environments free of toxins, loud noise, excessive heat or cold, and unsanitary conditions?
a.	The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid	
b.	The Center for Disease Control	
c.	The Occupational Safety and Health Administration	
d.	The Joint Commission	

ANS:	C	
OBJ:	4. Describe the different factors that have contributed to the rising cost of health care and demand for healthcare reform.	TOP:	Understanding Public Health

	11.	Which is not a determining factor of a person being eligible for certain types of health insurance?
a.	Income	
b.	Military service	
c.	Employment	
d.	Gender	

ANS:	D	
OBJ:	4. Describe the different factors that have contributed to the rising cost of health care and demand for healthcare reform.	TOP:	Healthcare Policy	

	12.	Vicky just saw her primary care physician. She has health insurance through Aetna but must pay a fee at check-out. This fee is called a
a.	deductible.	
b.	co-payment or copay.	
c.	premium.	
d.	customary charge.	

ANS:	B	
OBJ:	4. Describe the different factors that have contributed to the rising cost of health care and demand for healthcare reform.	TOP:	Healthcare Policy	

	13.	What is not a focus of the Affordable Care Act (ACA)?
a.	Expanded coverage availability	
b.	Lower healthcare costs	
c.	Better patient outcomes	
d.	Increasing the salary of healthcare providers	

ANS:	D	
OBJ:	4. Describe the different factors that have contributed to the rising cost of health care and demand for healthcare reform.	TOP:	Healthcare Reform	

	14.	What is universal health care?
a.	A healthcare plan that provides charity care to citizens of neighboring countries	
b.	A healthcare plan that proposes coverage solely for children under the age of 16 in the United States	
c.	An organized package of benefits from the government that aims to cover the healthcare needs of all Americans	
d.	A comprehensive program to fill the gaps in Medicare coverage for older Americans	

ANS:	C	OBJ:	5. Discuss the single-payer model and its advantages and disadvantages.
TOP:	Single-Payer Model	

	15.	Which insurance model is a system in which a public agency finances and funds healthcare?
a.	Medical model	
b.	Single-payer model	
c.	Wellness model	
d.	Comprehensive model	

ANS:	B	OBJ:	5. Discuss the single-payer model and its advantages and disadvantages.
TOP:	Single-Payer Model	

	16.	A physician would likely see less compensation under which system?
a.	Single-payer model	
b.	Wellness model	
c.	Medical model	
d.	Third-party payer model	

ANS:	A	OBJ:	5. Discuss the single-payer model and its advantages and disadvantages.
TOP:	Single-Payer Model	

	17.	Which could be a disadvantage of the single-payer model from the standpoint of the patient?
a.	Increased taxes on a patient’s income and goods they purchase	
b.	Higher drug costs because of the lack of generic prescription options	
c.	An increase in a patient’s yearly deductible	
d.	Lesser quality of care	

ANS:	A	OBJ:	5. Discuss the single-payer model and its advantages and disadvantages.
TOP:	Single-Payer Model	

TRUE/FALSE

	1.	In 2018, 8 years after the Affordable Care Act was passed into law, 1 out of every 2 Americans (50%) were still without healthcare coverage due to the cost.

ANS:	F	
OBJ:	4. Describe the different factors that have contributed to the rising cost of health care and demand for healthcare reform.	TOP:	Healthcare Policy	

	2.	Spending habits of a person within a given population would be considered demographic data.

ANS:	F	OBJ:	2. Define health and components of the healthcare system and industry.
TOP:	Health in the United States

	3.	Mortality is the study of the nature, cause, control, and determinants of the frequency of disease, disability, and death in a population.

ANS:	F	OBJ:	2. Define health and components of the healthcare system and industry.
TOP:	Health in the United States

	4.	Palliative care is meant to provide comfort for physical, emotional, social, practical, and spiritual effects of treatment.

ANS:	T	OBJ:	2. Define health and components of the healthcare system and industry.
TOP:	Health in the United States

	5.	Preventative healthcare may temporarily save money but has not been proven to decrease complete costs of care over a patient’s lifetime.

ANS:	F	
OBJ:	3. Describe the differences between the medical model and wellness model.
TOP:	Health in the United States

	6.	Federal law requires insurers to completely cover certain preventative healthcare services.

ANS:	T	
OBJ:	3. Describe the differences between the medical model and wellness model.
TOP:	Health in the United States

	7.	The Affordable Care Act (ACA) changed policies to allow children to stay on their parents’ health plan until the age of 26 if they lived with their parents and are also claimed as dependents on taxes.

ANS:	F	
OBJ:	4. Describe the different factors that have contributed to the rising cost of health care and demand for healthcare reform.	TOP:	Healthcare Policy	

	8.	COVID-19 was considered a pandemic because it spread across many countries.

ANS:	T	OBJ:	2. Define health and components of the healthcare system and industry.
TOP:	Health in the United States

	9.	The federal agency that oversees healthcare and public health in the United States is the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

ANS:	F	OBJ:	2. Define health and components of the healthcare system and industry.
TOP:	Health in the United States

	10.	In order to establish a single-payer model in the United States, almost all the funding would come from donations and corporate taxing.

ANS:	F	OBJ:	5. Discuss the single-payer model and its advantages and disadvantages.
TOP:	Single-Payer Model